Article Abstract:
The probability that the aquatic ecosystem serves as a reservoir for the Vibrio vulnificus biotype 2 has been assessed through long-term survival experiments. V. vulnificus is a primary eel pathogen and causes hemorrhagic septicemia in eels. It has been found that the optimal salinity for long-term survival of the pathogen was 1.5%. The optimal temperature is 25 degrees for microcosms at 0.3 and 0.5% and 12 degrees C for microcosms at 1.5 to 3.8%. It has also been noted that strains virulent to eels are also virulent to humans. The bacterium can also survive in artificial seawater at 25 degrees C for 50 days.
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Article Abstract:
The eel pathogen Vibrio vulnificus biotype 2 survives for nearly two months in artificial seawater (ASW) at low temperatures in a nonculturable but viable state. The cells regain culturability when the temperature is increased to 15 degrees celsius (C). The cultured cells are infectious in eel and mice. The bacteria survives in a free-living form in ASW at 25 degrees celsius. An aquatic environment helps in the transmission of the pathogen. The pathogen is able to survive away from its host. It multiplies under favorable conditions in marine water until it is ready to cause infection.
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Article Abstract:
An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay based on the specificity of lipopolyasaccharide (LPS) can detect Vibrio vulnificus biotype 2 pathogen successfully in infected eels and asymptomatic carriers. This pathogen consists of LPS-based homogeneous O serogroup and eels act as a reservoir for this pathogen. The accurate detection and identification of this pathogen has important implications for sanitary controls, and ecological and clinical studies.
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